THE PERUVIAN TERRITORY

Peru is an amazing country with complicate topography. Within its borders there’s part of the largest jungle on the earth, the planet’s driest desert and the large section of the world’s second highest mountain range or well know as an Andes. The seas around Peru are no less impressive – There’s a thousand times more food in Peru’s coastal waters than in the average ocean. Because it’s a land of such extremes, Peru has an immense range of life forms: you can fine 20 out of the planet’s 34 life zones in Peru, more than any other country in the world. Peru’s attractions are not only geographical also it possesses rich cultural traditions.

Peru’s territory covers 1,280,000 square kilometers and is divided into tree basic zones: coast, highlands and jungle. The Pacific Ocean is circled with a ring of fire of soaring mountains and active volcanoes, caused by the massive plates that form the skin on the earth’s core of molten rock ramming into each other. These plates can rise into the air and Form Mountains or can sink deep into the planet’s crust and melt. When this melted rocks rises to the surface again it causes volcanoes to form. This is how the Andes, the mountain range that separates Peru’s Amazon rainforest from the Pacific coast.

COAST (Costa)

Is dominated by the Humboldt Current. This is a cold stream of water, so cold that it creates above itself a wide mass of chill coastal air. This air forms a barrier that the warm moist winds of the pacific can’t penetrate, and so scarcely any rain falls on the coast. Because the coast’s so parched, the Atacama Desert has formed a long thin strip of scorched land that extends far down into Chile. The Humboldt Current is also rich in nutrients and supports a vast amount of sea life.

HIGHLANDS (Sierra)

Well know as Andes, the Peruvian Andes are separated from Bolivia by the Titicaca lake (3,820m/12,550ft.) is the highest navigable lake in the world and the largest in South America. The highlands with a difficult access by the complicated topography but a spectacular scenery, beautiful rich valleys, rich agricultural areas, grasslands, surrounded by the glacier and snow-capped mountains ranges separated by the desolated basins. The accesses to the most villages in the Andes are a narrow, grades-earth road. The Peruvian Andes are inhabited for the most part by the Quechua-speaking people descendants of the Incas.

JUNGLE (Selva)

The eastern slopes of the Andes are covered by the edge of the Amazonian rainforest, which the locals call the ceja de Selva or eyebrows of the jungle. The jungle is largely almost unexplored area with a lot of diversity in wild life of flora and fauna.

Perú ecological reserve :

Manu Biosphere and Tambopata Jungle Reserve.

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